Product Sheet CL0413
Description
BACKGROUND Chemokines (Chemotactic Cytokines) belong to a family of chemoattractant molecules involved in the directed migration of immune cells. Over fifty human chemokines have been identified that can be categorised into four groups; CC, CXC, CX3C and C (XCL1 and XCL2); depending on the spacing of their first two cysteine residues. Chemokines exert their effects by binding to G-protein-coupled chemokine receptors on the surface of cells, predominantly leukocytes. Eighteen human chemokine receptors have been identified that are classified according to the class of chemokines that they bind.1 The major function of chemokines is to regulate leukocyte trafficking in hematopoiesis and in innate and adaptive immunity. Other functions include angiogenic activity, apoptosis, T-cell differentiation and phagocyte activation. Inadvertent activation of chemokine receptors leads to autoimmunity by inappropriately targeting self antigens for destruction by cytotoxic T-cells and macrophages.2
Interleukin (IL)-8, an approximately 8.5 kDa protein, a member of the CXC chemokine superfamily and is produced by a wide array of cell types, including epithelial cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in response to microbial infections. In healthy tissues, IL-8 is barely detectable, but is rapidly induced by nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1)-dependent inflammatory stimuli such as TNFalpha, bacteria or virus. Neutrophil are major specific target for IL-8 action. This allows neutrophil to eradicate the invading pathogen within the site of infection. However, many pathophysiological actions of IL-8 also depend on activation of neutrophils. IL-8 is in routine use as a marker for various clinical conditions. In addition to be a potent chemoattractant and activator for neutrophils, T-cells, basophils, and eosinophils, IL-8 was alsoshown to promote the movement of cells of different lineages, such as fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Moreover, it was shown that IL-8 induced the migration of tumor cells and its expression was correlated with tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastatic potential in various human carcinomas and animal models.3 It was suggested that constitutive expression of IL-8 in tumor cell lines is associated with the metastatic potential and that IL-8 might act as an autocrine/paracrine growth factor in colon cancer progression and metastasis. The activities of IL-8 are mediated through its binding to specific GTP-coupled, seven-helix transmembrane receptors: CXCRl and CXCR2 (also known as IL-8 receptors type A and type B, respectively).4 IL-8 also binds to a receptor on erythrocytes, DARC, which binds a number of both CXC and CC chemokines.
Interleukin (IL)-8, an approximately 8.5 kDa protein, a member of the CXC chemokine superfamily and is produced by a wide array of cell types, including epithelial cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in response to microbial infections. In healthy tissues, IL-8 is barely detectable, but is rapidly induced by nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1)-dependent inflammatory stimuli such as TNFalpha, bacteria or virus. Neutrophil are major specific target for IL-8 action. This allows neutrophil to eradicate the invading pathogen within the site of infection. However, many pathophysiological actions of IL-8 also depend on activation of neutrophils. IL-8 is in routine use as a marker for various clinical conditions. In addition to be a potent chemoattractant and activator for neutrophils, T-cells, basophils, and eosinophils, IL-8 was alsoshown to promote the movement of cells of different lineages, such as fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Moreover, it was shown that IL-8 induced the migration of tumor cells and its expression was correlated with tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastatic potential in various human carcinomas and animal models.3 It was suggested that constitutive expression of IL-8 in tumor cell lines is associated with the metastatic potential and that IL-8 might act as an autocrine/paracrine growth factor in colon cancer progression and metastasis. The activities of IL-8 are mediated through its binding to specific GTP-coupled, seven-helix transmembrane receptors: CXCRl and CXCR2 (also known as IL-8 receptors type A and type B, respectively).4 IL-8 also binds to a receptor on erythrocytes, DARC, which binds a number of both CXC and CC chemokines.
REFERENCES
1. Zlotnik, A. & Yoshie, O.:Immunity 12:121-27, 2000
2. Locati, M.: Ann. Rev. Med. 50:425-40, 1999
3. Rubie, C. et al: World J Gastroenterol. 13:4996-5002, 2007
4. Feniger-Barish, R. et al: Biochem. 42:2874-86, 2003
2. Locati, M.: Ann. Rev. Med. 50:425-40, 1999
3. Rubie, C. et al: World J Gastroenterol. 13:4996-5002, 2007
4. Feniger-Barish, R. et al: Biochem. 42:2874-86, 2003
Products are for research use only. They are not intended for human, animal, or diagnostic applications.
(Click to Enlarge) Interleukin 8 (IL-8) Standard Curve: Using the human IL-8 ELISA Kit, O.D. data was graphed against IL-8 protein concentration. The TMB reaction was incubated at 37°C for 18 min.
Details
Cat.No.: | CL0413 |
Target Protein Species: | Human |
Range: | 15.6pg/ml-1000pg/ml(body fluids, tissue lysates or cell culture supernates) 7.8pg/ml-500pg/ml(human sera, plasma). |
Specificity: | No detectable cross-reactivity with any other cytokines |
Storage: | Store at 4°C. Use within 6 months. |
ELISA Kits are based on standard sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technology. Freshly prepared standards, samples, and solutions are recommended for best results.
Products
| Product | Size | CAT.# | Price | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human IL-8 ELISA Kit: Human Interleukin-8 ELISA Kit | Size: 96 Wells | CAT.#: CL0413 | Price: $484.00 |