Product Sheet CC1019

Description

BACKGROUND Estrogen receptor (ER) family contains two members: ER-alpha and ER-beta. Both ER-alpha and ER-beta are normally present in the mammary gland and mediate the actions of estrogens. Due to alternative RNA splicing, several ER isoforms are known to exist. At least three ER-alpha and five ER-beta isoforms have been identified.1 ER-alpha and ER-beta show significant overall sequence homology, and both are composed of five domains. Through its estrogen-independent and estrogen-dependent activation domains (AF-1 and AF-2, respectively), ERs regulate transcription by recruiting coactivator proteins and interacting with general transcriptional machinery.  ER-alpha and ER-beta have both overlapping and distinct biological functions and cellular distributions, regulate separate sets of genes, and can oppose each other\'s actions at some genes.2 ER-alpha appears to play a predominant role in cell proliferation, and ER-beta is suggested to be antiproliferative.3
 
In the absence of hormone, estrogen receptors are largely located in the cytosol. Hormone binding to the receptor triggers a number of events starting with migration of the receptor from the cytosol into the nucleus, dimerization of the receptor, and subsequently binding of the receptor dimer to specific sequences of DNA known as hormone response elements. The DNA/receptor complex then recruits other proteins which are responsible for the transcription of downstream DNA expression, resulting in a change in cell function. Phosphosphorylation of ERs at key amino acid residues is mediated by various signaling pathways, including the MAP kinase and Akt pathways, and play important roles in regulation of ER function. Phosphorylation of both Ser87 and Ser105 may be mediated by MAP kinase pathway activation, leading to the recruitment of SRC-1.4

REFERENCES
1. Nilsson, S. et al: Physiol Rev  81:1535–65, 2001.
2. Tremblay, G. B. et al: Mol Endocrinol. 11: 353-365, 1997.
3. Mathews, J & Gustafsson, J. A. :  Mol. Interv. 3:281-92, 2003.
4. Tremblay, A. et al: Mol Cell  3, 513–519, 1999.
 
Products are for research use only. They are not intended for human, animal, or diagnostic applications.

(Click to Enlarge) T47D cells were stimulated with neuregulin/E2 and subjected to Western blot analysis using Phospho-Estrogen Receptor-beta (Ser87) polyclonal Antibody (Top), or Estrogen Receptor-beta Antibody (Bottom).

Details

Cat.No.:
CC1019
Antigen:
An epitope surrounding and including Ser87 of human ER-beta sequence.
Isotype:
Rabbit polyclonal IgG
Species & predicted
species cross-
reactivity ( ):
Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications &
Suggested starting
dilutions:*
WB                  1:1000
IP                    n/d
IHC (Paraffin)  n/d
ICC                  n/d
FACS               n/d
Predicted Molecular
Weight of protein:
58 kDa
Specificity/Sensitivity:
This antibody detects endogenous phospho-human, mouse and rat ER-beta proteins.
Storage:
Store at -20°C, 4°C for frequent use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
 *Optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user.

Products

Product Size CAT.# Price Quantity
Polyclonal Estrogen Receptor-Beta, Phospho-Ser87 Antibody: Polyclonal Estrogen Receptor-beta, Phospho-Ser87 Size: 100 ul CAT.#: CC1019 Price: $302.00
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